ABSTRACT
Background: A prospective study carried out at Gynae Unit of Services Hospital Lahore during the period of 2005 to find out different causes of postmenopausal bleeding according to histopathological findings
Material and Method: The study included 100 patients aged 45-50 yrs. The women on hormonal replacement therapy were not included in study. Examination under anaesthesia and endometrial curretings sample taken in all the patients
Results: The histopathological findings of these patients showed cervical malignancy as most common cause [22% patients], followed by senile atrophic vaginitis [17% of patients] and endometrial carcinoma [12% of patients]
Conclusion: Effective clinical programmes should be launched; cervical smear should be taken in all patients attending gynae clinics above the ages of 30 yrs to detect any malignancy as early as possible
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is the second commonest medical disorder [after hypertension] complicating pregnancy with an incidence of about 01 %. The aim of this study is to see the fetal outcome in diabetic pregnancy
Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Services Hospital, Lahore during a period of July 2005 to July 2006, on 100 consecutive diabetic patients to see a fetal outcome
Results: The study includes all the patients who presented with impaired glucose tolerance test gestational diabetes. The patients were booked and had proper antenatal care, however [12%] had no antenatal care and were admitted directly into the labour room. The results revealed that the number of babies delivered alive were 96% and perinatal mortality was 4%. The major postnatal complication observed in our study was hypoglycemia seen in 34% of babies. Other complications were macrosomia in 32%, hyperbilirubinemia 28%, congenital anomalies in 4%, respiratory distress syndrome in 2% of babies
Conclusion: Elective screening programme should be introduced universally to improve pick up rate of diabetic patients and provide early booking along with meticulous control of blood sugar levels throughout pregnancy to reduce the morbidity and mortality both in the mother and the baby. A regular audit of outcome should be carried out to determine the perinatal mortality. Still birth and late fetal loss rates and to identify organizational and health care factors that effect outcome in diabetic pregnancy
ABSTRACT
Background: To determine the risk factors, pattern of presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in our set up. This study is a descriptive study, from June 2005 to June 2006 at Gynae Unit-Ill, Services Institute of Medical Science / Services Hospital, Lahore
Patients and Methods: Sixty cases of ectopic pregnancy presenting at Gynae Unit-Ill Services Hospital. Lahore were included. An elaborate work up plan was formulated for all patients, which included history, clinical examination, investigation and treatment
Results: The most common risk factor for ectopic pregnancy was found to be pelvic inflammatory disease. The most common pattern of presentation in ectopic pregnancy was p/v bleeding and lower abdominal pain. 75% patients showed B-hCG levels more then 1500 mlU/ml and rest of them had less than 1500 mlU/ml. Adnexal mass was seen on transvaginal scan in 85% patients. 18.3% patients were given medical treatment. 81.6% patients were given surgical treatment
Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening condition in early pregnancy. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can reduce the risk of maternal mortality and morbidity related to ectopic pregnancy